Reading+Responses

**Fast Food Nation Chapter 5: Why the Fries Taste Good ** **By: Eric Schlosser ** Chapter 5 of Fast Food Nation provides the audience with the harsh reality of what we are really consuming. Schlosser answers the question, what is it that makes fast food fries so irresistible?" The audience is informed about how companies are willing to do anything to make a profit, including using artificial and potentially harmful ingredients if it means making money which should ultimately sway their opinions next time they are craving those irresistible //frozen, artificially flavored// french fries from McDonald's. We are introduced to the J.R. Simplot Plant and their potato production. The "great potato baron" behind the potato farm, John Richard Simplot, built an empire based on french fries. Through the use of testimony the story of how J.R Simplot became a potato farmer is unveiled. Simplot became the largest shipper of potatoes in the West. Then, after WWII Simplot shifted his focus to frozen food technology thus motivating him to start selling frozen french fries to fast food chains in 1953. Schlosser also uses statistics to show the changes of fast food industries once frozen fries came into the picture. Schlosser uses understatement in describing Simplot as one of the richest men in the United states after being an 8th-grade drop out and goes on to talk about his successes. Schlosser describes the fast food industry as becoming obsessed with making a profit even if it meant using non fresh ingredients. Schlosser then goes on to introduce us to all the artificial flavoring and preservatives we are consuming everytime we eat a french fry. Through the use of scientific jargon and imagery, Schlosser is able to provoke the audiences emotions with the a shocking reality that we really do not know what is going into our bodies. Marketing companies are also exposed. Through scientific research, Schlosser is able to show that we truly don't know what "natural flavors" are, because we don't take the time out to find what those complex ingredients on the label truly are. Through the use of these devices, Schlosser provides American consumers the knowledge we need to make better decisions when it comes to fast food. The use of jargon, imagery, and statistics should scare the audience especially since these chemicals are dangerous to us. This excerpt shows that as time goes on, food has become more artificial and unhealthy. The use of artificial flavorings and preservatives are the basis for so much of the food we consume. Food has decreased in quality causing Americans to become deceived by food industries such as McDonald's, Burger King, etc, etc.
 * Fast Food Nation Chapter 1: The Founding Fathers ** **By: Eric Schlosser ** Chapter 1 of Fast Food Nation was basically an introduction to inform the audience of how fast food chains established and the progressions that came along which ultimately evolved the fast food industries. This book is for American consumers, mainly one's that are interested in knowing the background information to the industries we love so much. Eric Schlosser introduces us to Carl N. Karcher, "one of the fast food industry pioneers." Background information and testimonies are given, from his upbringing to his family to his marriage. We find out about Karcher's first hot dog stand and the popularity caused Karcher to buy another one and eventually up to 4 1944. Meanwhile, the automobile industry was booming causing a frenzy for drive-in restaurants. Karcher opened up Carl's Drive-In Barbecue that was a hit, and with successful businesses come competitors. Schlosser introduces the idea of quality and efficiency once McDonald comes into the picture. McDonald's was able to have higher quality burgers that were cheaper than Carl's because of the utilization of a factory assembly line in a commercial kitchen. Karcher goes on to tell the story of more popular fast food chains such as KFC, Taco Bell, Dunkin' Donuts, and etc and back to the progression of Carl with the use of statistics. Through these devices, Karcher is able to provide the audience with an impressive background of the fast food industry that will be useful as the rest of the book is unveiled. Something interesting about this chapter was the booming automobile industry especially in California and I enjoyed learning about the origin and their owners for popular fast food chains such as KFC, Wendy's, Taco Bell, and etc. Also, it's crazy how the idea of a factory assembly line became so popular in commercial kitchens and how many restaurants copied the idea. This excerpt shows that food has become nothing but a profitable necessity. McDonald's, Burger King, Wendy's, Taco Bell, and all these fast food chains have proved that through changes made by industries as time went on. These changes were triggered by how much money they would make through these changes such as the change to factory assembly lines. Quality is not as important as quantity anymore.

**"Ghosts of Taste" ** **By: Edna O'Brien ** Ghosts of Taste by Edna O' Brien is a nostalgic take on food from her past being connected to her present. O'Brien shows her love for food especially ones that bring the memories of childhood back to her, through the use of imagery and vivid details. She describes, "Food was pleasure, food was reward, and food was substitute for something other, possibly love" which uses parallelism to show the different meaning of food to her and how each is equally important. The audience for this are food enthusiasts or people who are passionate about food like her. O'Brien uses descriptive language as she talks about different dishes such as "black-currant jam" that "gave a puce dye to the lips" but also "beautifully tart" which paints the image into the reader's head. She talks about how different dishes remind her of different times in her life such as how "bacon and cabbage" remind her of "the Four Courts in Dublin" and in telling the audience this, she hopes to show that food leaves lasting impressions on her and they all mean something.  To Edna O'Brien, food is more than something that fills your stomach when you are hungry. Food is about family, memories, pleasure, and "is an emotional trigger to things long forgotten." It all starts during childhood where we develop "our likes, our dislikes" and as time goes on we don't see food just as food. Even as she is tasting an orange cake, "it is never simply the one I am eating; it is the cake my mother made when things were relatively buoyant." It is clear that food is very important to her because of the wondrous memories they bring. **"The Queen of Mold" ** **By: Ruth Reichl ** The Queen of Mold by Ruth Reichl is a witty story that shows how the choice of food you eat can reflect on your personality/character. This excerpt starts off with a flashback of Reichl's mother cooking breakfast in their New York City apartment. In fact, this whole excerpt is a childhood memory. Her mother's daring personality shines through her experimentation with food (that wasn't always the best.) To describe her mother's creations, Reichl uses vivid imagery so the audience can physically imagine what these dishes were like such as, "a casserole out of a two-week-old turkey carcass." Also, her diction towards describing the taste of her mother's food is vivid and very descriptive. Her food is described to taste like, "cat toes and rotted barley," "pigs’ snouts and mud," and "antique anchovies and moldy chocolate." This cruel description is meant to be humorous in which Reichl uses it to entertain her audience with a jocular tone. Although food brings her the memories of her mother's "unusual dishes" they aren't bad memories because they brought her family closer together. This quirky excerpt is aimed towards everybody. because it is meant to show them the great memories that food brings and how they reflect on your character. Reichl kept a positive attitude even though she didn't appreciate her mother almost "killing anybody who came to dinner" (which is used in a sarcastic tone.) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14px;">This excerpt shows how food can still be family oriented. Food reminds Reichl of memories connected to her family. Food should be something that will bring you memories years and years from now. Whether the food was amazing or a complete disaster, "food could be a way of making sense of the world" by allowing one's personality to shine through such as Reichl's mother's daring personality.

**<span style="display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 21px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“The Rich Get Thinner, the Poor Get Fatter.” ****<span style="display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">By: Warwick Sabin ** <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">In Warwick Sabin's The Rich Get Thinner, the Poor Get Fatter the changes in the roles of humans are shown, how the poor back then were thin and frail whereas now they are obese and how the wealthy are now “rail-thin and eating beans and cornbread.” The organic, healthy, and all natural foods have become a luxury, even the people who are fortunate enough to live in an area where they are cropped they can't afford to eat it. This caused the working people to eat what they can afford, and that is fast food filled with artificial flavorings and preservatives. The audience for this article is society, everyone thin/fat/average. Sabin utilizes a lot of statistics and testimony from how things used to be in the past such as the increasing obesity rates,<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline;"> " <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline;">Most Southern states have obesity rates hovering near, or above, the thirty-percent mark," "The CDC data indicates that no state had an obesity rate higher than fifteen percent in 1990. By 1998, no state had a prevalence of obesity less than ten percent." The use of statistics enables Sabin to show the audience how the dynamics of food has changed through the staggering percentages of obesity and such. Sabin also says, "The cruel fact is that fewer than one hundred years ago being poor meant you were painfully thin. Now, it means you are dangerously fat." The contrasting words, "painfully thin" and "dangerously thin" are both used to describe the poor which enables Sabin to show how foods have changed. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sabin also switches from first person plural to second person singular to third person throughout article which allows the narrator to highlight different details through addressing various sections of the audience. Using first person allows Sabin to address the Americans, second person allows Sabin to address Americans but include himself which forms a connection between the audience and himself. Overall, Sabin is trying to say that if things don't change, the poor will continue to get fatter and fatter while the rich get the benefit of the doubt.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 21px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">"Rules to Eat By" **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">By: Michael Pollan **

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 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 21px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“What's the Recipe?” **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">By: Adam Gopnik **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 26px;">They say/I say: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The overall argument made by Adam Gopnik in his work __What’s the Recipe? Our hunger for cookbooks__ is that even though some cookbooks don’t necessarily serve any purpose to people yet we keep on buying more of them. More specifically, Adam Gopnik argues that cooking is about more than following a book when it tells you to add a bunch of ingredients together to make this or that, but it's about the learning experience and cookbooks don't allow one to learn anything. He claims, " Can you really learn to cook from a book? How do you tell firm peaks from stiff ones? How do you define “chopped”?" He is suggesting that point of cooking should not be to end up with something perfect more so than the enjoyment and experience you should get out of it. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I agree that the art of cooking isn't to perfect every dish you make because food is about experimenting and creating dishes that have your own personal touches on it. More specifically, I believe that cookbooks can still be helpful to aspiring chefs because they can provide useful guidelines. Although Adam Gopnik might object that cookbooks are useful in almost all ways, I maintain my belief that cookbooks aren't all that useless because some people use cookbooks for their purpose, which is to simply guide the confused. Therefore cookbooks can both useful and useless depending on how one decides to use it.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 26px;">Multiple Choice: <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; vertical-align: top;">1.) When Gopnik says, "Unsu <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; vertical-align: top;">ppo <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; vertical-align: top;">rt <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; vertical-align: top;">ed by <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">you <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">r <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">mom <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">, <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">th <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">e cookbook <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">i <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">s <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">th <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">e <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">m <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">ode <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">l o <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">f <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">em <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">p <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">ty kn <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">o <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">wl <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">e <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">dg <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">e.." we can infer that ? <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">a. Gopnik believes cookbooks are essential to cooking. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">b. Gopnik believes that cookbooks are unnecessary provide useless information. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">c. Gopnik believes that moms are ashamed of cookbooks. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d. Gopnik believes that cookbooks can be used by everyone. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">(correct answer: b)

<span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">2.) The use of mentioning and describing different techniques used in multiple cookbooks suggest that ? <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">a. They are all similar in purpose. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">b. Different cookbooks use different techniques but they all do the same thing. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">c. The effectiveness of a cookbook depends on the content and the way that content is presented. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d. There are so many cookbooks out there in the world. <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">(correct answer: c)

<span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">3.) 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line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">n <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d e <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">n <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d wit <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">h <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">t <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">h <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">e ac <span class="ftr" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">h <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">e," juxtaposing the outcomes of cooking and marriage serves the purpose of ? <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">a. Showing the reality of following a cookbook recipe through a more relatable topic. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">b. Showing how cooking and getting married are similar. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">c. Showing the evilness of cooking. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d. Relating cooking to headaches and marriage. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">(correct answer: a)

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">4.) The use of the sentences, "How do you tell firm peaks from stiff ones? How do you define "chopped"? is used twice in this essay, what does this accomplish? <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">a. The author made a typo and didn't mean to add it in twice. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">b. This allows the audience to keep this these questions in mind while reading the essay. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">c. This shows the importance of being able to tell firm peaks from stiff ones and defining "chopped." <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d. It shows that cookbooks are unnecessary and uses this to indirectly show that. <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">(correct answer: b)

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">5.) The tone indicated in this sentence, '"What's the recipe?" you ask the weary pro chef, and he gives you a weary-pro-chef look, since the recipe is the totality of the activity, the real work. The recipe is to spend your life cooking.' is ? <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">a. Cynical <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">b. Judgemental <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">c. Nonchalant <span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: top;">d. Inspirational <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">(correct answer: d) <span style="display: block; height: 1px; left: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; position: absolute; top: -25px; width: 1px;">You have not saved your changes. <span style="display: block; height: 1px; left: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; position: absolute; top: -25px; width: 1px;">Are you sure you want to leave this page?